What's a good point and shoot for when you can't bring your whole kit?

[neuroanatomist]

Also, I'm aware that the G cameras aren't exactly pocketable, but they're small enough for what I'm looking for.

In that case, I'd go with the EOS M. It's smaller than the G-series, has a bigger sensor, and is cheaper at the present time. Only negative is that a new one will likely be along soon...but the new one will not be as cheap. The M can also serve as a backup camera, with the mount adapter you can use your EF and EF-S lenses.

For something truly pocketable, the Sony RX-100 or RX-100 II, as mentioned above.

I have the Canon PowerShot S100, which is a good little camera that's truly pocketable (not considering cargo pants that you'd need for the M or G series!). At the time I bought it, it was the largest sensor in a camera that size that shot RAW, but if the RX100 had been out, I'd have bought that, instead.